The Nature And Organization Of Corporate Environmental Crime

INTRODCTION Part I of this essay examines the nature and organisation of corporate environmental crime. Part II explores the offenders of corporate environmental crime. Part III determines the risk factors for corporate offending. Finally, Part IV analyses environmental regulations. I. NATURE AND ORGANISATION Corporate environmental crime constitutes an important part of white-collar crime. The notion ‘white collar crime’ was introduced by Edwin Sutherland and refers to a crime ‘committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation’. The delinquent activity specific to this term includes environmental pollution. Sutherland opines that people of high status are able to commit crimes because of the opportunities presented by the affluent positions they hold. However, as his empirical argument derives from data about the violations of law by the 70 largest American corporations, the differences between individual and corporate white-collar crime is not clear. As a result, this led to the widely accepted distinction between occupational and corporate white-collar crime. Occupational crime refers to personal violations that take place for self-benefit during work in a legitimate occupation, whereas corporate crime is commit ted by employees on the job, not principally for personal gain but on behalf of their corporation on business. In other words, corporate crimes are ‘actions by corporate persons that create avoidable harms toShow MoreRelated Business Ethics Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesknow the definition of corporate ethics as well as knowing what the ethics of responsibility are. After defining what ethics are, we then need to see how these are played out within management. 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Fossil Fuels The Global Energy Problem - 1352 Words

Abstract For the past 100 years, fossil fuels have been the cornerstone of the world energy production. Oil is the most notable fossil fuel; however, coal and natural gas are also mainstream. Since global warming is the most important environmental problem the world faces and the cause is from greenhouse gases, many look to renewable energy resources to resolve the environment and energy crisis. The Global Energy Problem For many years, the world has been in an ongoing debate and struggle on what to do with our energy production and reserves. The debate has also encompassed the environmental aspect on how many forms of energy impacts the world and its environment. For over 30 years, scientists, world governments, and†¦show more content†¦(2013). The two charts above depict the world and a few selected regions consumption on oil and coal from 1965 to 2012. As shown, global oil and coal production continues to increase. Since the oil strikes in the late 1800’s to the 1900’s, the world went from coal to oil. Companies such as Standard Oil, British Petroleum, etc. found new ways to refine oil into different uses. For example, crude oil, which is oil pumped out of the ground and untouched, can become Kerosene, Propane, Gasoline, Jet Fuel, Motor Oil, etc. The petroleum industry also became one of the largest institutions of all time and today, the world relies heavily on it. For almost 150 plus years, the world has been burning fossil fuels without any regard to the impacts it would have on the planet. In the past 20 years, this issue is starting to come to the forefront. One main reason for this is the increase of greenhouse gas leads to a faster rate of global warming. Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in t he atmosphere which makes the planet warmer. Greenhouse gases can be carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous oxide (N2O) and Fluorinated gases. How much gas and for how long and how strong they go into and effect the atmosphere determines their effect on climate change. The main contributor of climate change is carbon dioxide (CO2) as this is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions and it is from

Framing Carpentry Free Essays

Have you ever built anything with your hands? Maybe a birdhouse? What about a model car or plane? We’ve all built a gingerbread house before; haven’t we? Well, no matter who we are, or where we come from, most of us have built, or helped to build, something with our bare hands. The satisfaction a person gets from completing something with their bare hands is an amazing feeling. Now, have you ever built a house before? Yes, I mean an entire house. We will write a custom essay sample on Framing Carpentry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Starting from what is basically a pile of sticks. Most people haven’t. Being a framing can give a person satisfaction that is not easily found. But this is not a job for the weak. Being a carpenter may be one of the hardest and most dangerous jobs a person can do on a daily basis. Framing is a job that anybody should be proud to do. Not only does is take a great amount of physical and mental strength, but it takes an artist’s touch as well. Whether you rent a home, or own your own, somebody put their blood, sweat, and/or tears into building the place you call home. Blood may not be as common as sweat, and tears even less so, but with the amount of physical energy that it takes to build a home, yours took at least one of them; more likely two. I’ve been working as a framing carpenter for a quarter of my life, so I hope you take my word when I say it can be flat out exhausting. An August day spent at the lake can drain a man. That same August day on top of a roof can reach 130+ degrees, and will push even the fittest men to their physical limits. People might say, â€Å"I hit the gym every night, I could handle it. † Okay, put on a tool belt and give it a shot. But remember, that tool belt weighs about ten pounds. Now factor in repeatedly, and I mean hundreds of times a day, lifting anywhere from two to one hundred and twenty pounds; and don’t forget the heat. I’ve personally seen this drain a man’s energy so much that in just one moment of exhaustion, he buried a saw (mind you a power saw) in his left thigh almost four inches deep. There was blood and tears, and for a moment I feared for his life. Of course this isn’t as common as a shooting yourself with a nail gun, slicing yourself on a strap, or stepping on a nail, but it happens. These lapses in judgment happen on some small scale everyday so you must always be mentally aware. There is so much more to building a house than being able to work hard. As much, and sometimes more energy can be spent on the mental process that takes place. I asked you earlier if you’d ever built a house from a pile of sticks. Essentially, that is what takes place. Imagine your house being sent out on the back of a truck. And it’s not like a Lego house that is ready to put together. Critical steps must be taken from the moment you set that first nail. A mistake in that took five seconds to make could take days to fix. I know a guy who built a 5,000 square foot building too tall. I know a guy who built every window in the house six inches to small. I know a guy that cut over 5,000 dollars worth of logs the wrong length. Sure these were stupid and costly mistakes, but if you can show me one person that hasn’t made a dumb mistake at work, I can show you a thousand who have. Being physically exhausted keeps your thought processes from working properly. Your body will take care of its physical needs first, and if you don’t have enough left it will shut down mentally. I believe this has happened to most of us at some point; studying perhaps? Keeping your mind fresh is most crucial when you get to the roof. Making four different roof lines come together harmoniously can be very difficult. Calculating multiple angles for each roof to blend perfectly can be a headache for even math majors. But when all is said and done, you can look back at your own little masterpiece with pride. Can you really consider framing a house†¦.. a masterpiece? Absolutely! Here in St George, UT we have an annual event known as the Parade of Homes. This is where local construction companies show of the skills of their trades, and what I believe you could call their artists touch. Many of us attend this annual event, and gawp at the beauty within these homes. We look at the intrinsic details of a fireplace or ceiling, but do not take much time to think about the work it took to build these. It once took me a day and a half to build fireplace; with a helper. The details were absurd. It was something that should have been built with foam, not wood. Six different radiuses, some of which had moon sliced openings with waves protruding on every surface, and a light bar that followed the last one. Now, did I feel like an artist upon completion? You better believe I did; I felt like Picasso. It wasn’t easy to build this with a power saw and nail gun from only a pile of sticks. But it is precisely these types of projects that leave me with an overwhelming sense of pride. After all of the houses I’ve built I still take pride in my work. It feels good to drive through a neighborhood, and to remember each house I’ve built. There are memories that come to mind with every house. I can picture the first house that I built as a grunt, as well as the first I built as a foreman. I remember how good my first house as a foreman felt, and how I sat in my truck when we were finished, and felt the pride of doing it my way. It’s always a good feeling to accomplish something that you take pride in, and everybody needs that feeling. Whether it was a million dollar home, or a track home that took three days, it’s always felt good to finish a home and admire it. It’s great to know that it was through my knowledge, skills, and strength that I took a pile of sticks, and built a house. This is why I think framing is a job to be proud of. How to cite Framing Carpentry, Papers